Chronic cardiac insufficiency (CHI) is a cardiologically caused impairment (pumping) of the function with the corresponding symptoms, consisting of the inability of the circulatory system to deliver to the organs and tissues the amount of blood necessary for their normal functioning.
Thus, this is a disproportion between the state of the circulation and the metabolism of substances, which increases with the increase in the activity of life processes. From modern clinical positions, CHI is a disease with a complex of characteristic symptoms (dyspnea, fatigue and decreased physical activity, edema, etc.) that are associated with inadequate perfusion of organs and tissues at rest or under load and often with fluid retention in the body.
Chronic heart failure is characterized by periodically occurring episodes of exacerbation (decompensation), manifested by a sudden or, more often, gradual increase in symptoms and signs of CHI.
Causes. CHI can develop against almost any cardiovascular disease, but the main three are the following supranosological forms: IHD, arterial hypertension, and heart defects.
A few words need to be said about dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) as the cause of CHF.
DCM is a rare enough disease, unspecified etiology, which develops at a relatively young age and quickly leads to cardiac decompensation. The easiest way to determine the CHI in patients can be over a distance of a 6-minute walk. Thus, the functional classification of CHI reflects the ability of patients to perform physical exertion and outlines the degree of changes in the functional reserves of the body. This is especially important when assessing the dynamics of the patients.
Clinical manifestations. The majority of patients develop primary left heart failure. The most common complaint is inspiratory dyspnea, initially associated with physical exertion and progressing to orthopnea, paroxysmal postural, to dyspnea at rest. Typical complaints are non-productive cough, nocturia. Patients with CHF note weakness, fatigue, which are the result of reduced blood supply to skeletal muscles and the central nervous system.
At Dr. Maksudova’s clinic, highly qualified specialists deal with the problems associated with CHF.
